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Traffic Regulations in Bad Weather and Snow
Thorough preparation for traffic regulations in bad weather and snow is crucial for a safe and penalty-free car journey through Europe. Many rules seem obvious. However, each country has its own laws for winter tyres, speed limits, and lighting. These differences distinguish between a relaxed drive and fines or problems at the border. Do you know exactly what to look out for when crossing the border?
Winter in the Alps: when are winter tyres mandatory?
Alpine countries are known for their strict and specific rules for winter driving. Thorough preparation prevents fines and, above all, ensures your own safety and that of others on the road. The obligation for winter tyres is the best-known example of this. However, the implementation varies by country.
Germany: a situational obligation
In Germany, there is a situational winter tyre obligation. This means you are obliged to drive with winter tyres as soon as road conditions are wintry. This includes black ice, slipperiness due to snow, slush, and slipperiness due to ice formation. There is no fixed period; the obligation depends entirely on the weather. If you drive on summer tyres during wintry conditions, this will result in a fine of up to €80. In the event of an accident, you are also jointly liable. Pay attention to the Alpine symbol (a mountain with a snowflake) on the sidewall of the tyre. For winter tyres produced after 1 January 2018, this is the only valid marking. For older tyres, the M+S marking is still sufficient.
Austria: fixed period and situational obligation
Austria combines a fixed period with a situational obligation. From 1 November to 15 April inclusive, you are obliged to drive with winter tyres in wintry conditions. Outside this period, the obligation also applies if the weather demands it. Austrian law is stricter than German law when it comes to tread depth: winter tyres must have a minimum tread depth of 4 millimetres. If the tread is less than this, the law considers the tyre a summer tyre. As an alternative to winter tyres, snow chains on the driven wheels are permitted. This is only allowed if the road is largely or completely covered with snow or ice.
‘ Incorrect use, however, blinds other road users. ’
Rain and Fog: what are the rules in France and Belgium?
Not only snow and ice require adjusted driving behaviour and specific traffic regulations. Rain and fog also place demands on your driving style. Especially in countries like France and Belgium, where the weather can change quickly, it is important to know the regulations.
Driving in the Rain in France: adjust your speed
In France, precipitation directly affects the maximum permitted speed. The French government takes the risks of wet road surfaces seriously and lowers speed limits in the rain. This is intended to shorten braking distances and reduce the risk of aquaplaning. The rules are as follows:
- On motorways (toll roads), the limit changes from 130 km/h to 110 km/h.
- On dual carriageways, the speed decreases from 110 km/h to 100 km/h.
- On other roads outside built-up areas (routes nationales), the limit changes from 80 km/h to 70 km/h.
These adjusted speeds are mandatory as soon as it rains and windscreen wipers are needed. In very poor visibility (less than 50 metres) due to dense fog or heavy rainfall, the maximum speed on all roads is limited to 50 km/h.
Safely through Fog in Belgium
In Belgium, clear rules apply to the use of fog lights. Correct use significantly increases your visibility. Incorrect use, however, blinds other road users. The rear fog light is mandatory in dense fog or heavy snowfall if visibility is less than 100 metres. It is forbidden to use this light in rain alone. Front fog lights may be used in fog, snowfall, or heavy rain. They may replace the dipped headlights or be used in conjunction with them. Please note that the police in Belgium actively monitor the incorrect use of fog lights.
Practical Preparation: snow chains and lighting
The right equipment is just as important as knowing the rules. Snow chains and correct lighting are parts of your preparation that you should not overlook, especially on a road trip to mountainous areas.
Tips for Snow Chains on a Road Trip to Austria
In Austria, snow chains are mandatory on certain road sections, even if you are driving on winter tyres. A round, blue traffic sign depicting a white tyre with a snow chain indicates this. It is mandatory to have a set of suitable snow chains in the car. Make sure you know how to fit them. Practise this at home in a quiet, dry environment, so you aren’t caught by surprise in the cold and snow. Always fit the chains on the driven wheels. Consult your car’s manual to see what the manufacturer prescribes. The maximum speed with snow chains is generally 50 km/h.
Mandatory Lights in Germany in Poor Visibility
In Germany, in poor visibility due to rain, fog, or snowfall during the day, you must use your dipped headlights. Using only daytime running lights is not sufficient and can result in a fine. Daytime running lights are, as the name suggests, intended for clear visibility conditions during the day. As soon as visibility is restricted, switch to dipped headlights. This ensures that you not only have clear vision yourself. Others will also see you clearly on the road. This also applies in tunnels.
Knowledge of local traffic regulations is the foundation of a carefree car holiday. A trouble-free journey begins with planning your route. The Traveler Tips offerings can help you with this. With our itineraries and planners, you will be prepared for the rules. Furthermore, you’ll find the most suitable routes to your destination. This means you will be confidently behind the wheel. You’ll know that we’ve optimised your route for comfort and safety, regardless of the weather. Start planning a trip today where you won’t encounter any surprises.
Frequently Asked Questions
In Germany, winter tyres are mandatory from October to March, while in Austria, snow chains are mandatory in mountainous areas. Belgium has an obligation to adapt to slippery conditions and advises chains during ‘code red’ warnings. In the Netherlands, winter tyres are not mandatory but highly recommended. Always check specific national traffic regulations and weather warnings beforehand via national traffic apps or meteorological services, such as ADAC.de for Germany, viapass.be for Belgium, and oeamtc.at for Austria.
During bad weather or snow, different traffic rules apply in popular holiday destinations, and there are specific penalties. For example, in Germany, winter tyres are mandatory from October to March, with fines starting from €60 for violations. In Austria, carrying snow chains in mountainous areas is mandatory, and non-use can lead to fines of up to €5,000. Belgium has an obligation to adapt to slippery conditions, where snow chains may be mandatory on motorways during ‘code red’ warnings. It is crucial to check local weather apps and traffic updates before departure.
To reliably consult current weather and road information, use the KNMI app for live weather warnings and the Rijkswaterstaat website or app for traffic updates. During ‘code orange’ or heavy snowfall, it is advised to avoid unnecessary travel and to adjust speed, maintain extra distance, and completely clear the vehicle of snow. For smart route adjustment, plan flexibly, depart early, and avoid peak hours. Also check local weather apps and avoid secondary roads where less gritting is done, to travel as safely as possible.
To drive safely in snow and icy conditions, adjust your speed and maintain a minimum 4-second following distance. Avoid sudden braking and steer gently. Completely clear your vehicle of snow and ice before departing, including windows, mirrors, lights, and number plates. Consider using winter tyres for better grip, although they are not mandatory in the Netherlands. Only travel if it is essential during ‘code orange’ weather warnings.
